Carbureter.



E. A. HUENE.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC [4. 1916.

1,275,032. I Patented Aug. 6, 1918.

' 24 LELIGLZ.

1 5 //YVf 7YTO/?: flow/m ni:- 2a Za W/MJM EDWARD A. HUENE, 01 LOSANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

CARBUBETEB.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 14, 1916. Serial No. 136,994.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD A. HUENE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Carbu'reters,of.

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters.

. It is an object of this invention to provide a carbureter which willsimultaneously act to directly control the inflow of air and liquid fuelin' a fixed ratio to eachother so that the volume of air will beincreased as the quantity of liquid fuel drawn into the carburetingchamber is increased.

Another object is to provide means whereby the depression in the airpressure adjacent the liquid fuel inflow duct will be suflicient to notonly permit a proper mixture of fuel and air to be made, but will permitof the liquid fuel being drawn from a fuel reservoir at a lower level.

Another object is to provide a simple auxiliary air inlet and adjustablecontrol therefor adapted to supply air to the carbureting chamberconstantly and irrespectiveof the opened position of the throttle valve,thereby insuring a rich fuel mixture to be carbureted 'at low enginespeeds and facilitating in disintegrating the globules of liquid fuelpassing to the carbureting chamber. Another object is to provide meansfor adjustably determining the maximum richness of the fuel mixture sothat the carbu reter may be readily adjusted and adapted for use withengines of various fuel requirements.

Another object is to provide a carburetor so designed as to control andthrottle the in.- fiowing air prior to its contact with the liquid fueland its entrance into the carbureting chamber, thus positivelycontrolling the flow of gaseous fuel from the carbureter to the engine:

It is a further object to provide a carbureter of few movable parts andno parts which are adapted to vibrate or fluctuate, thereby providing acarbureter which is simple in construction and is not liable to becomeinoperative or objectionably worn byuse.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanyingdrawings in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation illustrating thecarburetor as assembled and disclosing in detail the correlation of thevital elements thereof.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view illustrating the assembled carbureter andparticularly disclosing the peculiar formation of the air inlet opening.P

Fig. 3 is anend elevation looking from the left in Figs. 1 and 2, andillustrating the carbureter upon a reduced scale and dis closing therelation of the fuel inlet pipe to the sediment bowl. 1

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional detail as seen on the line H of Fig. 1viewed in the direction of the arrows and illustrates the webbedformation of the carbureter body.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional detail'as seen on the line55-of Fig.

4, illustrating the sectional formation of the web members.

Patented Aug, o, 1913.

Referring to the drawings more particularly, 10 indicates a horizontallydisposed cylindrically formed body member of the carbureter. This memberis formed with two horizontally alined chambers or passage-ways, an airinlet chamber 11 and a mixing chamber 12. The air inlet chamber iscylindrical and isreduced at itsinner end 13to form a throat adapted toconcentrate the air as it passes outwardly into the mixing chamber. Theconstricted portion 13 is the dividing line between the inlet chamberand the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is frusto-conical 'in' shapeand is enlarged at its-manifold end. A bolting flange 14 iszformed atthe manifold end of the carbureter to facilitate in securingl entirecarbureter in communication wit the manifold of an internal combustionengine.

Castintegral with the carbureter body and positioned diametricallyacross the enlar d cylindrical portion of the air inlet cham er 11 is aweb 15 which is verticall disposed and acts as a support for the uelnozzle sleeve 16 which lies concentric with theair of the inlet chamber,its outer threaded end terminating flush with or slightly beyond the endof the carbureterbody. he inner end of the sleeve 16 is formed with anozzle portion 17 having a bore, said bore being in communication with averticall disposed liquid fuel inlet duct 18 which extends through thelower leg of the web 15. An annular chamber 19 is formed around thenozzle portion 17 in the web 15 and is'in the assage and in the centerthereof. This s eeve is hollow and extends the length with a conicalstem 25 adapted to regulate the inflow of air to the duct 20. A threadedboss 26 is formed upon the side of the web 15 toward the mixing chamberand circumscribes the end of the nozzle portion 17. This boss isprovided as a mounting for a mixing nozzle 27 forming a carburetinghamber which is in alinement with and surrounding the nozzle 17 coactingtherewith to produce a nebulizing effect upon the liquid fuel beingdrawn to the mixing chamber. The outer end of the air inlet chamber isformed with a counter-bore 28 which is concentric with the main bore andis adapted to receive a throttle drum 29, the wall of which is of athickness equal to the increased diameter of the counter-bore and thusmaintains a single inside .di-

ameter throughout the length of the inlet.

substantially that of a trapezoid having parallel ends and sides whichtaper in relation to each other. It is to be noted that the exactcontour of the tapering sides may be varied to meet the requirements ofdifferent engines. The trapezoidal ports formed through the wall of thethrottle drum are disposed with their narrow ends parallel to each otherand in opposition so that during the rotation of the drum the portopenings formed by the registration of the two complenientary ports willincrease and decrease in cross-sectional area as the drum is rotatedtoward and away from its full registering position. It will be furthernoted that as the ports move toward their full registering position, theeffective port opening will'increase in a decreasing rat o to the amountof rotation given the throttle drum, thereby insuring a gaseous fuel ofproper richness at all throttle positions. The drum 29 is formed with acentral hub 34 whichis internally threaded to engage external threadsformed upon the fuel nozzle sleeve 16 upon which the drum is ro-f tatcdby a lever 35 controlled by suitable means and secured to the end of hub34.

The outerend of the hub 34: is formed the ca rbureter.

with a central threaded bore throughwhich the threadedend 36 of a valveneedle 37 extends. The valve needle 37 is formed with a longitudinalbore 38 which extends throughout the length of the needle to effect aconcentration of the air passing there-- through and thus producing anebulizing effect within the nozzle 17 as liquid fuel is form an annularchannel to permit free circulation of liquid fuel. The outer end of theneedle is formed with an enlarged knurled head 40 by which the needlemay be longitudinally adjusted within the sleeve and in relation to theend of nozzle 17 against which it is adapted to seat when in its closedposition. A lock-nut l1 secures the needle in its set position and locksit to the drum 29 with which it rotates. By this arrangement the drumrotates to bring its ports 30 and 31 into .full register with ports 32and 33 and as the drmn moves along the needle sleeve threads the needlepoint will move away from its seat within the nozzle and permit anincreased quantity of liquid fuel to be drawn from the fuel reservoir.

The increase in fuel will, however, be constant while the'increase ininflowing air will gradually diminish as the throttle is opened.

The carbureter here shown is provided with an inlet duct. -l2 whichconnects with a fuel supply pipe-l3 from the main fuel supply tank at alower level in a manner to insure a completely filled fuel reservoir atall times solely by the suction of the motor through It will, however,be understood that a float may be used when the gravity system ispreferred.

In operation. the carburetor is conveniently mounted by bolting flangell to the intake manifold of an explosive engine, and may be designed tostand either vertically or horizontally without departing from a thespirit of the invention. as the fuel reservoir or sediment chamber formsno part of the necessary working combination when used as a vacuum feedsystem. I have used it both ways on the same cars without a singlechange. By looking at drawing, with bolting flange 14 at top. it will beseen that the only difference in conditions is that sediment bowl orchamber 39 does not completely fill with liquid fuel on account of anair pocket above the fuel inlet orifice 42. As previously noted. thissediment chamber is no necessary partof the working combination and thefuel line may be and is in the racing type connected direct to fuelchannel 18 at orifice 42. but a chamber is desirable in that it pocketsa small amount of liquid fuel in such a-manner as to allow of instantflow thereof to the mixing chamber upon the turning over of motor forstarting and be fore the fuel comes over from the main tank. After thehollow needle 37 has been properly adjusted to meet the fuelrequirements of the engine with which it 1s to be used, the carbureteris ready for operation.

suction caused by this partial vacuum will elevate liquid fuel from thereservoir 39 through the duct 18 and when this fuel has reached the endof the needle it will be carried through nozzle opening 44: into themixing nozzle 27 where it will be mixed with air drawn from theauxiliary air'duct 20 and thereafter drawn into the frustoconicalmixingchamber 12, after which it will pass to the engine. As desired,the drum 29 is rotated to increase the effective port openings caused bythe relative movement of the trapezoidal ports 30 and 3l in relation tothe fixed ports 32 and 33. Simultaneous with this action, the drum 29will move along the needle sleeve in an outwardly direction due to thethreaded mounting of the drum hlub thereover and will cause the end ofthe needle 37 to move away from of parts, will effect a saving of liquidfuel,

due to the manner in which the inflowing air is throttled prior to itsmixture with the liquid fuel, and provides a vacuum fuel feed as well asinsures an eflicient mixture of the liquid fuel and air prior to itspassage from the carbureter.

I claim;

1. A carburetor forvinternal combustion engines, comprising a bodyportion having an air inlet chamber in one end and having amixingchamber in longitudinal alinement and in communication with the airinlet chamber, a fuel nozzle mounted within the mixing chamber andhaving its outlet orifice at the axial center of the mixing chamber;there being an annular carbureting chamber in the body surrounding theoutlet orifice;

an air, tube mounted within the fuel nozzle and longitudinallyadjustable; there being a fuel passage around the inner end of the tubewithin the nozzle so that the adjustment of the tube regulates the flowof fuel; an air valve controlling the inlet chamber, manual means foroperating the valve, and means connecting said valve to the tube so thaton the opening movement of the valve the tube is moved away from theoutlet orifice to open the fuel passage.

2. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising an air inletchamber, a mixing chamber communicating therewith, a fuel supplycomprising a fuel nozzle having its orifice at the entrance of saidmixing chamber, a hollow metering pin controlling the orifice of saidnozzle and discharging air tothe center of the nozzle, and an air inletvalve controlling the admission of air to said air inlet chamber andoperativcly connected to said pin, so that saidpin is longitudinallymoved .away from the orifice so f of said fuel nozzle during the openingof 1 said air inlet valve. 7

3. A carbureter for internal combustlon engines, comprising an an inletchamber, a

mixing chamber communicating therewith,

a fuel supply comprising a nozzle opening lnto sald mixing chamber, ahollow fuel me tering pin controlling the orifice of said fuel nozzle,means for longitudinally ad usting said pin, said air inlet chamberbeing provided with an air port, a rotary valve con trolling said airport and operatively connected to said pin, means whereby said pin ismoved away from the fuel nozzle as said air port is uncovered, said airport being so designed that it is uncovered in a diminishing ratio onthe uncovering-movement of said valve, while the longitudinal movementof said pin is constant.

4:. A carburetor for internal combustion engines,comprising an air inletchamber, a mixing chamber in longitudinal alinement therewith, a liquidfuel reservoir adjacent to said chambers, a fuel nozzle communicatingwith said reservoir, a metering pin controlling said fuel nozzle andhaving a constantly open air passageroaxial with the axis'of said airchamber, and terminating immediately adjacent to said fuel nozzle, 'amanually controlled'valve through which air is supplied to said airchamber, an auxiliary air duct leading to an annular chamber surroundingsaid fuel nozz'le, means for adjustably regulating the flow of airthrough said auxiliary air duct, a conical fuel and air mixing nozzle inadvance of said fuel nozzle, and means whereby said pin .is opened orclosed in relation to said fuel nozzle, as the air inlet valve is openedor closed.

5. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising an air inletchamber, a mixing chamber connected therewith, a fuel supply comprisinga nozzle opening into said carbureting chamber, a hollow fuel meteringpin controlling the orifice of said fuel nozzle,-means forlongitudinally adjusting said pin, said air inlet chamber being providedwith an air port, a rotary valve controlling said air port andoperatively connected to said pin, means whereby said pin is moved awayfrom the fuel nozzle as said air port is uncovered, said air port beingso designed that it is uncovered in a diminishing ratio on theuncovering movement of said valve, while the longitudinal movement ofsaid pin is constant, an annular chamber surrounding the orifice end ofsaid fuel nozzle, an auxiliary air passage connected thereto and meansfor controlling said auxiliary passage.

6. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising an air inletchamber, a mixing chamber in longitudinal alinement therewith, a liquidfuel reservoir adjacent to said chambers, a fuel nozzle communicatingwith said reservoir and opening into said mixing chamber, a pincontrolling the outlet orifice of said nozzle and having a constantlyopen air conduit coaxial with the axis' of'said air chamber, means forlongitudinally adjusting said pin, a manually consaid valve, while thelongitudinal movement of said pin is constant, an annular chambersurrounding said fuel. nozzle, an auxiliary air duct leading thereto,manual means for controlling the air passing through said auxiliary airduct, and a conical air and fuel mixing nozzle in advance of said fuelnozzle.

7. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, con'iprising. an airinlet chamber, a mixing chamber in communication and in axial alinementtherewith, a fuel supply nozzle extending longitudinally of the airinlet chamber and concentric therewith, a carbureting chamber forming arestricted area around the sides and the end of the nozzle andcommunicating with the mixing chamber, an air inlet passage-way incommunication with said carbureting chamber, a hollow metering pinextending lorigitudinally vof the fuel nozzle and adapted tosimultaneously regulate the flow of fuel throughthenozzle and a flow ofauxiliary air to the nozzle through the pin, and a variable air inlet bywhich air may pass through the inlet chamber around the wall of thecarbureting chamber and there unite with the carbureted mixture passingthrough the mixing chamber.

'In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

,. EDWARD A. HUENE.

